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How to adjust your training based on pain?

“No pain no gain” is sometimes true, but not always. Here’s how to know when pain should stop you and when you can keep going.

Your pain, decoded in 1 minute

Question 1/4

Do you tend to keep pushing at full intensity even when pain appears, telling yourself it’ll pass?

Athlete feeling pain during exercise

The comparison at a glance

Ignoring pain isn’t the same as continuing smartly by listening to it.

CriteriaIgnoring painListening to it from the start
Risk of it getting worse
Speed of taking action
Complexity of treatment needed
Long-term trust in your body
Tip: Not sure which profile fits you? Answer the questionnaire at the top of this page: it gives you a first indication in under a minute.

How to interpret the pain signal

Mild, stable pain that doesn’t get worse from one session to the next can often be tolerated by adjusting intensity. Pain that increases, becomes sharper, or limits movement is a warning signal to take seriously, not one to push through by sheer willpower.

Physio insight: daily tracking of how you feel in HOPP helps you spot these variations and adjust your programme before the pain settles in.
Our take: Pain isn’t an enemy to silence: it’s information. The real skill isn’t ignoring it or stopping at the slightest twinge, it’s learning to read it.

How to recognise pain you should listen to right away

Not all pain is equal. Some is a normal part of the adaptation process, while other pain signals a real injury taking hold. Here are the criteria that make the difference.

How pain evolves from one session to the next

This is the most reliable criterion. Pain that stays stable, or decreases session after session, shows that the tissue is tolerating the current load. Pain that increases, on the other hand, signals that the load exceeds what the tissue can currently handle: this is the signal to respect above all others.[1]

Pain at rest, not just during exercise

Discomfort that occurs only during exercise and then disappears is generally less concerning than pain that persists at rest or wakes you up at night. The latter often reflects more pronounced inflammation that deserves an immediate adjustment to your programme.

The physio’s take: I always ask my patients to rate their pain out of 10 before and after each session.[1] It’s simple, it takes ten seconds, and it reveals trends you can’t spot by instinct alone.

Warning signs that should never be ignored

Swelling that appears or worsens, a sudden loss of mobility, pain that becomes sharp and localised, or a feeling of joint instability are all signals that justify stopping the activity involved and adjusting your programme quickly.

Is it really risky to keep playing sport despite the pain?

Yes, if the pain gets worse and you keep going without changing anything. Injured tissue needs an appropriate load to heal: ignoring a worsening signal exposes it to stress it can’t yet handle, which lengthens healing time and increases the risk of complications.

Why “pushing through the pain” isn’t always a good idea

The principle of progressive loading works when pain stays stable or decreases: that’s the sign the tissue is adapting.[2] It stops working when pain increases, because that means the load already exceeds the tissue’s current capacity. Continuing in that case keeps the irritation going instead of reducing it.

What’s at risk when you keep loading tissue despite worsening pain

A neglected tendinopathy can become chronic, a poorly managed sprain can leave lasting instability, and ignored muscle pain can develop into a more extensive injury. In most cases, the cost of waiting a few days to adjust is far lower than that of ignoring the signal for weeks.

Tip: Rate your pain on a scale of 0 to 10 before and after each session for a week. If the trend is rising, it’s time to adjust, not to wait.

How HOPP helps you sort this out day to day

The HOPP programme asks for your perceived exertion (RPE) after every session and automatically adjusts the load based on your answers. This saves you from having to decide alone between “I keep going” and “I stop”, and it limits the risk of letting pain settle in because it wasn’t interpreted in time.

Frequently asked questions

How to recognise pain you should listen to right away?

Pain that increases from one session to the next, becomes sharper at rest, or comes with swelling or a loss of mobility should alert you. Conversely, mild, stable discomfort that isn’t getting worse can often be tolerated by adjusting intensity.

Is it really risky to keep playing sport despite the pain?

Yes, if the pain gets worse and you keep going without changing anything. Injured tissue needs an appropriate load to heal: ignoring a worsening signal exposes it to stress it can’t yet handle, which lengthens healing time.

Should you always stop at the slightest sign of pain?

No, but you need to listen to it and interpret it. Mild, stable discomfort can sometimes be tolerated by adjusting intensity, while pain that worsens from one session to the next is a signal to respect.

How do I know if my pain is normal or if I should worry?

Pain that stays stable or decreases over sessions is generally acceptable. Pain that increases, becomes sharper, or comes with swelling should alert you.

Learn to decode your pain

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Thibault Vignais, sports physiotherapist

Written by Thibault Vignais

Sports physio and osteopath, HOPP co-founder

HOPP slogan: Get back in the game

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Scientific references

  1. Silbernagel KG, Thomeé R, Eriksson BI, Karlsson J. Continued sports activity, using a pain-monitoring model, during rehabilitation in patients with Achilles tendinopathy: a randomized controlled study. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2007;35(6):897-906. PubMed : pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17307888
  2. Smith BE, Hendrick P, Smith TO, Bateman M, Moffatt F, Rathleff MS, Selfe J, Logan P. Should exercises be painful in the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2017;51(23):1679-1687. PubMed : pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28596288

This page is based on peer-reviewed scientific publications. It remains a general self-assessment tool and does not replace medical advice.